VIENNA

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Founded around 500 BC as a Celtic settlement, it became a Roman frontier city. In the 13th century, it came under threat from the Mongolian Empire. During the Middle Ages, it was home to the Babenberg Dynasty, and then it became the resident city of the Habsburg Dynasties. In 1804, it became the capital of the Austrian Empire and continued to play a major role in European and world politics. After World War I, Vienna became capital of the First Austrian Republic.